The Ultimate Guide To Excel Formulas and Functions

Microsoft Excel has been frequently referred to as the world’s greatest calculator. Excel can create an unlimited number of different calculations. Once a few basic steps are mastered, a world of calculation options are available to any Excel user.

Building formulas and working with functions in Excel are core skills that need to be understood in order to really use Excel effectively. With that in mind, we decided to put together a complete set of tutorials from excerpts of our Excel Formulas and Functions class and offer it to you at no charge.

Once, you learn the basics about creating formulas in Excel, you will be able to use your spreadsheet data to perform calculations which will communicate valuable business trends and information to your team and to clients. When used effectively, formulas and functions will be one of your most powerful tools available to analyze your business data.

The guide is set up so you can learn how to create and modify formulas in step-by-step format. Students can go through the lessons in order, or hop to a topic that you want to focus on. There are practice files mentioned in most of the training videos that can be downloaded here.

This is a core skill in Excel, and once you learn it, you will be glad you did. So, let’s get started…

How to Create a Formula in Excel

When working with data in Excel, you will sometimes want to use formulas and functions to perform calculations on your data. Formulas are mathematical equations you can manually enter into cells to perform calcuations on your data. Functions are pre-written equations that Excel provides to help you perform simple and complex calculations more quickly.

Step 1: Select the cell where you would like the formula to appear, and enter the = sign.

Each formula needs to begin with the equal sign. The equal sign ( = ) instructs Excel that the information included after the equal sign should be calculated. You can enter the equal sign in the selected cell, or in the formula bar.

Step 1: Select the Chart you want use to create the template

Step 2: Enter the formula arguments

After you enter the equal sign, you will enter the arguments for the calculation. This can be done in a few different ways: Using static variables, using cell references, or using Excel functions.

Static Variable Formulas

Cell Reference Formulas

Formula Using Excel Functions

Step 3: Click the Enter Key, or Checkmark on Formula Bar

Once, you enter the formula arguements, click the enter key, and the result of the calculation will appear in the cell where you wrote the formula. That is it. Now you have a completed Excel formula. In the next section, we will look at how to apply a custom chart template to a new set of data.

How to Edit a Formula in Excel

Step 1: Double click on the Cell where the formula is located.

Use your mouse to select the data you would like to include in your chart.

Step 2: Make any changes needed to the formula

Once the chart data is selected, click in the Insert tab to display insert Chart options on the ribbon.

Step 3: Click on the Enter Key

In the Chart section of the Insert tab, move you mouse to the bottom right corner, then click the See All Charts button.

Step 3: Click on the See All Charts button

Step 4: Click on the All Charts tab in the Insert Chart window

In the Insert Chart window, click on the All Charts tab.

Step 5: Click on the Templates option on the All Charts tab

In the Chart section of the Insert tab, move you mouse to the bottom right corner, then click the See All Charts button.

Step 6: Select the custom template you want to use, and click OK

Pick the template you want to use from the templates screen and click OK.

Excel will then apply the template formatting to the new chart.

How to use a Function in Excel

Absolute and Relative References in Excel

One of the most important concepts in Excel is cell addressing or cell references. Cell references are the way to tell Excel which cell we want to get data from when using formulas and functions.

There are three types of cell references used in Excel:

Absolute References
Relative References
Mixed References

By default, Excel uses what is known as A1 notation when referring the location of cells. The column letter is followed by the row number to provide the definitive location of a cell. Notice in our example the active cell is in column A and row 5, the Name Box confirms A5 as the cell reference.

There are two types of cell reference: Absolute and Relative. The cell references behave differently when copied to other cells. The relative references change when a formula is copied to another cell. The absolute references, on the other hand, remain constant no matter where they are copied.

The default cell reference in Excel is relative. When a formula is copied to multiple location on the worksheet cell references change to match the new location. This is particularly helpful when the same formula is going to be needed in several cells.

In this example, a supervisor wants to keep track of the weekly pay of staff. The formula is quite simple – rate time hours worked (=f2*e2). All that is needed is to enter the formula once in g2. Then using the fill handle (small box in lower righthand corner of active cell) and perform a drag and drop to fill in all necessary cells.

Using Relative Cell References:

This use of relative addressing is a perfect example of how Excel can save so much time for users.

Relative cell addressing does not always provide the necessary results. Sometimes a constant is required to provide accurate answers. The $ is used to make parts of the cell address constant (locked down). There is a keyboard shortcut, f4, that can be used to make cell addresses constant.

An enhancement to the previous example will demonstrate the need of constant cell reference. Not only does the supervisor need to calculate weekly pay, but each employee receives the weekly bonus of $225.00. Simply adding A2 to the previous formula does not quite work if the same techniques is used.

Note: The weekly bonus is in cell A2 and is the same for all employees. In the range of cells from H2 to H9, A2 should be in each formula.

Using Absolute Cell References:

The previous example could be corrected by manually entering each formula individually or by changing A2 to an Absolute Cell Reference. The new formula in h2 will look like this: =g2+$a$2. As the drag and drop is completed from H2 through H9, notice how each weekly pay calculation has A2 added to it.

More Absolute Cell reference Options:

As mentioned earlier in this tutorial Excel uses A1 notation. When changing from Relative Reference to Absolute Reference there are additional conditions that need to be considered. Cells can be absolute, rows and be absolute and columns can be absolute. When using the keyboard shortcut F4, Excel circles through four settings. First – Cell in a constant, Second – Row is constant, Third – Row is absolute and Four – Cell is back to relative.

$A$2 Cell is absolute A$2 Row is absolute $A2 Column is absolute

Order of Operations in Excel

How to Display Functions in Excel

Nested Functions in Excel

How to Copy a Formula in Excel

Types of Functions in Excel

Microsoft Excel currently has around 440 functions available for use in a variety of disciplines

The functions are grouped into these categories:

Cube Functions
Database Functions
Date and Time Functions
Engineering Functions
Financial Functions
Information Functions
Logical Functions
Lookup and Reference Functions
Math and Trigonometry Functions
Statistical Functions
Web Functions

Popluar Excel Functions

Here is a list of widely used Excel Functions.

Cube Functions

CUBEKPIMEMBER function

Usage: The CUBEKPIMEMBER function is used to calculate a key performance indicator (KPI) property and displays the KPI name in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, that is used to monitor an organization's performance..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBEKPIMEMBERfunction is =CUBEKPIMEMBER(connection, kpi_name, kpi_property, [caption]).

CUBEMEMBER function

Usage: The CUBEMEMBER function is used to calculate a member or tuple from the cube. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBEMEMBERfunction is =CUBEMEMBER(connection, member_expression, [caption]).

CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function

Usage: The CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY function is used to calculate the value of a member property from the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBEMEMBERPROPERTYfunction is =CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY(connection, member_expression, property).

CUBERANKEDMEMBER function

Usage: The CUBERANKEDMEMBER function is used to calculate the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or the top 10 students..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBERANKEDMEMBERfunction is =CUBERANKEDMEMBER(connection, set_expression, rank, [caption]).

CUBESET function

Usage: The CUBESET function is used to Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBESETfunction is =CUBESET(connection, set_expression, [caption], [sort_order], [sort_by]).

CUBESETCOUNT function

Usage: The CUBESETCOUNT function is used to calculate the number of items in a set..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBESETCOUNTfunction is =CUBESETCOUNT(set).

CUBEVALUE function

Usage: The CUBEVALUE function is used to calculate an aggregated value from the cube..

Syntax:The syntax for the CUBEVALUEfunction is =CUBEVALUE(connection, [member_expression1], [member_expression2], …).

Database Functions

DAVERAGE function

Usage: The DAVERAGE function is used to calculate the average of selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DAVERAGEfunction is =DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria).

DCOUNT function

Usage: The DCOUNT function is used to count the cells that contain numbers in a database.

Syntax:The syntax for the DCOUNTfunction is =DCOUNT(database, field, criteria).

DCOUNTA function

Usage: The DCOUNTA function is used to count nonblank cells in a database.

Syntax:The syntax for the DCOUNTAfunction is =DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria).

DGET function

Usage: The DGET function is used to extract a single record from a database that matches the specified criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the DGETfunction is =DGET(database, field, criteria).

DMAX function

Usage: The DMAX function is used to calculate the maximum value from selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DMAXfunction is =DMAX(database, field, criteria).

DMIN function

Usage: The DMIN function is used to calculate the minimum value from selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DMINfunction is =DMIN(database, field, criteria).

DPRODUCT function

Usage: The DPRODUCT function is used to multiply the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database.

Syntax:The syntax for the DPRODUCTfunction is =DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria).

DSTDEV function

Usage: The DSTDEV function is used to estimate the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DSTDEVfunction is =DSTDEV(database, field, criteria).

DSTDEVP function

Usage: The DSTDEVP function is used to Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DSTDEVPfunction is =DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria).

DSUM function

Usage: The DSUM function is used to add the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the DSUMfunction is =DSUM(database, field, criteria).

DVAR function

Usage: The DVAR function is used to estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DVARfunction is =DVAR(database, field, criteria).

DVARP function

Usage: The DVARP function is used to Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries.

Syntax:The syntax for the DVARPfunction is =DVAR(database, field, criteria).

Date and Time Functions

DATE function

Usage: The DATE function is used to calculate the serial number of a particular date.

Syntax:The syntax for the DATEfunction is =DATE(year,month,day).

DATEDIF function

Usage: The DATEDIF function is used to Calculates the number of days, months, or years between two dates. This function is useful in formulas where you need to calculate an age..

Syntax:The syntax for the DATEDIFfunction is =DATEDIF(start_date,end_date,unit).

DATEVALUE function

Usage: The DATEVALUE function is used to convert a date in the form of text to a serial number.

Syntax:The syntax for the DATEVALUEfunction is =DATEVALUE(date_text).

DAY function

Usage: The DAY function is used to convert a serial number to a day of the month.

Syntax:The syntax for the DAYfunction is =DAY(serial_number).

DAYS function

Usage: The DAYS function is used to calculate the number of days between two dates.

Syntax:The syntax for the DAYSfunction is =DAYS(end_date, start_date).

DAYS360 function

Usage: The DAYS360 function is used to Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year.

Syntax:The syntax for the DAYS360function is =DAYS360(start_date,end_date,[method]).

EDATE function

Usage: The EDATE function is used to calculate the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date.

Syntax:The syntax for the EDATEfunction is =EDATE(start_date, months).

EOMONTH function

Usage: The EOMONTH function is used to calculate the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months.

Syntax:The syntax for the EOMONTHfunction is =EOMONTH(start_date, months).

HOUR function

Usage: The HOUR function is used to convert a serial number to an hour.

Syntax:The syntax for the HOURfunction is =HOUR(serial_number).

ISOWEEKNUM function

Usage: The ISOWEEKNUM function is used to calculate the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISOWEEKNUMfunction is =ISOWEEKNUM(date).

MINUTE function

Usage: The MINUTE function is used to convert a serial number to a minute.

Syntax:The syntax for the MINUTEfunction is =MINUTE(serial_number).

MONTH function

Usage: The MONTH function is used to convert a serial number to a month.

Syntax:The syntax for the MONTHfunction is =MONTH(serial_number).

NETWORKDAYS function

Usage: The NETWORKDAYS function is used to calculate the number of whole workdays between two dates.

Syntax:The syntax for the NETWORKDAYSfunction is =NETWORKDAYS(start_date, end_date, [holidays]).

NETWORKDAYS.INTL function

Usage: The NETWORKDAYS.INTL function is used to calculate the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days.

Syntax:The syntax for the NETWORKDAYS.INTLfunction is =NETWORKDAYS.INTL(start_date, end_date, [weekend], [holidays]).

NOW function

Usage: The NOW function is used to calculate the serial number of the current date and time.

Syntax:The syntax for the NOWfunction is =NOW().

SECOND function

Usage: The SECOND function is used to convert a serial number to a second.

Syntax:The syntax for the SECONDfunction is =SECOND(serial_number).

TIME function

Usage: The TIME function is used to calculate the serial number of a particular time.

Syntax:The syntax for the TIMEfunction is =TIME(hour, minute, second).

TIMEVALUE function

Usage: The TIMEVALUE function is used to convert a time in the form of text to a serial number.

Syntax:The syntax for the TIMEVALUEfunction is =TIMEVALUE(time_text).

TODAY function

Usage: The TODAY function is used to calculate the serial number of today's date.

Syntax:The syntax for the TODAYfunction is =TODAY().

WEEKDAY function

Usage: The WEEKDAY function is used to convert a serial number to a day of the week.

Syntax:The syntax for the WEEKDAYfunction is =WEEKDAY(serial_number,[return_type]).

WEEKNUM function

Usage: The WEEKNUM function is used to convert a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year.

Syntax:The syntax for the WEEKNUMfunction is =WEEKNUM(serial_number,[return_type]).

WORKDAY function

Usage: The WORKDAY function is used to calculate the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays.

Syntax:The syntax for the WORKDAYfunction is =WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays]).

WORKDAY.INTL function

Usage: The WORKDAY.INTL function is used to calculate the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days.

Syntax:The syntax for the WORKDAY.INTLfunction is =WORKDAY.INTL(start_date, days, [weekend], [holidays]).

YEAR function

Usage: The YEAR function is used to convert a serial number to a year.

Syntax:The syntax for the YEARfunction is =YEAR(serial_number).

YEARFRAC function

Usage: The YEARFRAC function is used to calculate the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date.

Syntax:The syntax for the YEARFRACfunction is =YEARFRAC(start_date, end_date, [basis]).

Engineering Functions

BESSELI function

Usage: The BESSELI function is used to calculate the modified Bessel function In(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the BESSELIfunction is =BESSELI(X, N).

BESSELJ function

Usage: The BESSELJ function is used to calculate the Bessel function Jn(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the BESSELJfunction is =BESSELJ(x,n).

BESSELK function

Usage: The BESSELK function is used to calculate the modified Bessel function Kn(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the BESSELKfunction is =BESSELK(x,n).

BESSELY function

Usage: The BESSELY function is used to calculate the Bessel function Yn(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the BESSELYfunction is =BESSELY(x,n).

BIN2DEC function

Usage: The BIN2DEC function is used to convert a binary number to decimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the BIN2DECfunction is =BIN2DEC(number).

BIN2HEX function

Usage: The BIN2HEX function is used to convert a binary number to hexadecimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the BIN2HEXfunction is =BIN2HEX(number, places).

BIN2OCT function

Usage: The BIN2OCT function is used to convert a binary number to octal.

Syntax:The syntax for the BIN2OCTfunction is =BIN2OCT(number, places).

BITAND function

Usage: The BITAND function is used to calculate a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the BITANDfunction is =BITAND(number1, number2).

BITLSHIFT function

Usage: The BITLSHIFT function is used to calculate a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits.

Syntax:The syntax for the BITLSHIFTfunction is =BITLSHIFT(number, shift_amount).

BITOR function

Usage: The BITOR function is used to calculate a bitwise OR of 2 numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the BITORfunction is =BITOR(number1, number2).

BITRSHIFT function

Usage: The BITRSHIFT function is used to calculate a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits.

Syntax:The syntax for the BITRSHIFTfunction is =BITRSHIFT(number, shift_amount).

BITXOR function

Usage: The BITXOR function is used to calculate a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the BITXORfunction is =BITXOR(number1, number2).

COMPLEX function

Usage: The COMPLEX function is used to convert real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the COMPLEXfunction is =COMPLEX(real_num, i_num, [suffix]).

CONVERT function

Usage: The CONVERT function is used to convert a number from one measurement system to another.

Syntax:The syntax for the CONVERTfunction is =CONVERT(number,from_unit,to_unit).

DEC2BIN function

Usage: The DEC2BIN function is used to convert a decimal number to binary.

Syntax:The syntax for the DEC2BINfunction is =DEC2BIN(number, places).

DEC2HEX function

Usage: The DEC2HEX function is used to convert a decimal number to hexadecimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the DEC2HEXfunction is =DEC2HEX(number, places).

DEC2OCT function

Usage: The DEC2OCT function is used to convert a decimal number to octal.

Syntax:The syntax for the DEC2OCTfunction is =DEC2OCT(number, places).

DELTA function

Usage: The DELTA function is used to test whether two values are equal.

Syntax:The syntax for the DELTAfunction is =DELTA(number1, number2).

ERF function

Usage: The ERF function is used to calculate the error function.

Syntax:The syntax for the ERFfunction is =ERF(lower_limit,[upper_limit]).

ERF.PRECISE function

Usage: The ERF.PRECISE function is used to calculate the error function.

Syntax:The syntax for the ERF.PRECISEfunction is =ERF.PRECISE(x).

ERFC function

Usage: The ERFC function is used to calculate the complementary error function.

Syntax:The syntax for the ERFCfunction is =ERFC(x).

ERFC.PRECISE function

Usage: The ERFC.PRECISE function is used to calculate the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity.

Syntax:The syntax for the ERFC.PRECISEfunction is =ERFC.PRECISE(x).

GESTEP function

Usage: The GESTEP function is used to test whether a number is greater than a threshold value.

Syntax:The syntax for the GESTEPfunction is =GESTEP(number, [step]).

HEX2BIN function

Usage: The HEX2BIN function is used to convert a hexadecimal number to binary.

Syntax:The syntax for the HEX2BINfunction is =HEX2BIN(number, places).

HEX2DEC function

Usage: The HEX2DEC function is used to convert a hexadecimal number to decimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the HEX2DECfunction is =HEX2DEC(number).

HEX2OCT function

Usage: The HEX2OCT function is used to convert a hexadecimal number to octal.

Syntax:The syntax for the HEX2OCTfunction is =HEX2OCT(number, places).

IMABS function

Usage: The IMABS function is used to calculate the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMABSfunction is =IMABS(inumber).

IMAGINARY function

Usage: The IMAGINARY function is used to calculate the imaginary coefficient of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMAGINARYfunction is =IMAGINARY(inumber).

IMARGUMENT function

Usage: The IMARGUMENT function is used to calculate the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMARGUMENTfunction is =IMARGUMENT(inumber).

IMCONJUGATE function

Usage: The IMCONJUGATE function is used to calculate the complex conjugate of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCONJUGATEfunction is =IMCONJUGATE(inumber).

IMCOS function

Usage: The IMCOS function is used to calculate the cosine of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCOSfunction is =IMCOS(inumber).

IMCOSH function

Usage: The IMCOSH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCOSHfunction is =IMCOSH(inumber).

IMCOT function

Usage: The IMCOT function is used to calculate the cotangent of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCOTfunction is =IMCOT(inumber).

IMCSC function

Usage: The IMCSC function is used to calculate the cosecant of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCSCfunction is =IMCSC(inumber).

IMCSCH function

Usage: The IMCSCH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMCSCHfunction is =IMCSCH(inumber).

IMDIV function

Usage: The IMDIV function is used to calculate the quotient of two complex numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMDIVfunction is =IMDIV(inumber1, inumber2).

IMEXP function

Usage: The IMEXP function is used to calculate the exponential of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMEXPfunction is =IMEXP(inumber).

IMLN function

Usage: The IMLN function is used to calculate the natural logarithm of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMLNfunction is =IMLN(inumber).

IMLOG10 function

Usage: The IMLOG10 function is used to calculate the base-10 logarithm of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMLOG10function is =IMLOG10(inumber).

IMLOG2 function

Usage: The IMLOG2 function is used to calculate the base-2 logarithm of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMLOG2function is =IMLOG2(inumber).

IMPOWER function

Usage: The IMPOWER function is used to calculate a complex number raised to an integer power.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMPOWERfunction is =IMPOWER(inumber,number).

IMPRODUCT function

Usage: The IMPRODUCT function is used to calculate the product of from 2 to 255 complex numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMPRODUCTfunction is =IMPRODUCT(inumber1, inumber2).

IMREAL function

Usage: The IMREAL function is used to calculate the real coefficient of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMREALfunction is =IMREAL(inumber).

IMSEC function

Usage: The IMSEC function is used to calculate the secant of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSECfunction is =IMSEC(inumber).

IMSECH function

Usage: The IMSECH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic secant of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSECHfunction is =IMSECH(inumber).

IMSIN function

Usage: The IMSIN function is used to calculate the sine of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSINfunction is =IMSIN(inumber).

IMSINH function

Usage: The IMSINH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic sine of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSINHfunction is =IMSINH(inumber).

IMSQRT function

Usage: The IMSQRT function is used to calculate the square root of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSQRTfunction is =IMSQRT(inumber).

IMSUB function

Usage: The IMSUB function is used to calculate the difference between two complex numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSUBfunction is =IMSUB(inumber1, inumber2).

IMSUM function

Usage: The IMSUM function is used to calculate the sum of complex numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMSUMfunction is =IMSUM(inumber1, inumber2).

IMTAN function

Usage: The IMTAN function is used to calculate the tangent of a complex number.

Syntax:The syntax for the IMTANfunction is =IMTAN(inumber).

OCT2BIN function

Usage: The OCT2BIN function is used to convert an octal number to binary.

Syntax:The syntax for the OCT2BINfunction is =OCT2BIN(number, places).

OCT2DEC function

Usage: The OCT2DEC function is used to convert an octal number to decimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the OCT2DECfunction is =OCT2DEC(number).

OCT2HEX function

Usage: The OCT2HEX function is used to convert an octal number to hexadecimal.

Syntax:The syntax for the OCT2HEXfunction is =OCT2HEX(number, places).

Financial Functions

ACCRINT function

Usage: The ACCRINT function is used to calculate the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACCRINTfunction is =ACCRINT(issue, first_interest, settlement, rate, par, frequency, [basis], [calc_method]).

ACCRINTM function

Usage: The ACCRINTM function is used to calculate the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACCRINTMfunction is =ACCRINTM(issue, settlement, rate, par, [basis]).

AMORDEGRC function

Usage: The AMORDEGRC function is used to calculate the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient.

Syntax:The syntax for the AMORDEGRCfunction is =AMORDEGRC(cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, [basis]).

AMORLINC function

Usage: The AMORLINC function is used to calculate the depreciation for each accounting period.

Syntax:The syntax for the AMORLINCfunction is =AMORLINC(cost, date_purchased, first_period, salvage, period, rate, [basis]).

COUPDAYBS function

Usage: The COUPDAYBS function is used to calculate the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPDAYBSfunction is =COUPDAYBS(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

COUPDAYS function

Usage: The COUPDAYS function is used to calculate the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPDAYSfunction is =COUPDAYS(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

COUPDAYSNC function

Usage: The COUPDAYSNC function is used to calculate the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPDAYSNCfunction is =COUPDAYSNC(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

COUPNCD function

Usage: The COUPNCD function is used to calculate the next coupon date after the settlement date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPNCDfunction is =COUPNCD(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

COUPNUM function

Usage: The COUPNUM function is used to calculate the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPNUMfunction is =COUPNUM(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

COUPPCD function

Usage: The COUPPCD function is used to calculate the previous coupon date before the settlement date.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUPPCDfunction is =COUPPCD(settlement, maturity, frequency, [basis]).

CUMIPMT function

Usage: The CUMIPMT function is used to calculate the cumulative interest paid between two periods.

Syntax:The syntax for the CUMIPMTfunction is =CUMIPMT(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type).

CUMPRINC function

Usage: The CUMPRINC function is used to calculate the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods.

Syntax:The syntax for the CUMPRINCfunction is =CUMPRINC(rate, nper, pv, start_period, end_period, type).

DB function

Usage: The DB function is used to calculate the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method.

Syntax:The syntax for the DBfunction is =DB(cost, salvage, life, period, [month]).

DDB function

Usage: The DDB function is used to calculate the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify.

Syntax:The syntax for the DDBfunction is =DDB(cost, salvage, life, period, [factor]).

DISC function

Usage: The DISC function is used to calculate the discount rate for a security.

Syntax:The syntax for the DISCfunction is =DISC(settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, [basis]).

DOLLARDE function

Usage: The DOLLARDE function is used to convert a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number.

Syntax:The syntax for the DOLLARDEfunction is =DOLLARDE(fractional_dollar, fraction).

DOLLARFR function

Usage: The DOLLARFR function is used to convert a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction.

Syntax:The syntax for the DOLLARFRfunction is =DOLLARFR(decimal_dollar, fraction).

DURATION function

Usage: The DURATION function is used to calculate the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments.

Syntax:The syntax for the DURATIONfunction is =DURATION(settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, [basis]).

EFFECT function

Usage: The EFFECT function is used to calculate the effective annual interest rate.

Syntax:The syntax for the EFFECTfunction is =EFFECT(nominal_rate, npery).

FV function

Usage: The FV function is used to calculate the future value of an investment.

Syntax:The syntax for the FVfunction is =FV(rate,nper,pmt,[pv],[type]).

FVSCHEDULE function

Usage: The FVSCHEDULE function is used to calculate the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates.

Syntax:The syntax for the FVSCHEDULEfunction is =FVSCHEDULE(principal, schedule).

INTRATE function

Usage: The INTRATE function is used to calculate the interest rate for a fully invested security.

Syntax:The syntax for the INTRATEfunction is =INTRATE(settlement, maturity, investment, redemption, [basis]).

IPMT function

Usage: The IPMT function is used to calculate the interest payment for an investment for a given period.

Syntax:The syntax for the IPMTfunction is =IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type]).

IRR function

Usage: The IRR function is used to calculate the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows.

Syntax:The syntax for the IRRfunction is =IRR(values, [guess]).

ISPMT function

Usage: The ISPMT function is used to Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISPMTfunction is =ISPMT(rate, per, nper, pv).

MDURATION function

Usage: The MDURATION function is used to calculate the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100.

Syntax:The syntax for the MDURATIONfunction is =MDURATION(settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, [basis]).

MIRR function

Usage: The MIRR function is used to calculate the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates.

Syntax:The syntax for the MIRRfunction is =MIRR(values, finance_rate, reinvest_rate).

NOMINAL function

Usage: The NOMINAL function is used to calculate the annual nominal interest rate.

Syntax:The syntax for the NOMINALfunction is =NOMINAL(effect_rate, npery).

NPER function

Usage: The NPER function is used to calculate the number of periods for an investment.

Syntax:The syntax for the NPERfunction is =NPER(rate,pmt,pv,[fv],[type]).

NPV function

Usage: The NPV function is used to calculate the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate.

Syntax:The syntax for the NPVfunction is =NPV(rate,value1,[value2],...).

ODDFPRICE function

Usage: The ODDFPRICE function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period.

Syntax:The syntax for the ODDFPRICEfunction is =ODDFPRICE(settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

ODDFYIELD function

Usage: The ODDFYIELD function is used to calculate the yield of a security with an odd first period.

Syntax:The syntax for the ODDFYIELDfunction is =ODDFYIELD(settlement, maturity, issue, first_coupon, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

ODDLPRICE function

Usage: The ODDLPRICE function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period.

Syntax:The syntax for the ODDLPRICEfunction is =ODDLPRICE(settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

ODDLYIELD function

Usage: The ODDLYIELD function is used to calculate the yield of a security with an odd last period.

Syntax:The syntax for the ODDLYIELDfunction is =ODDLYIELD(settlement, maturity, last_interest, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

PDURATION function

Usage: The PDURATION function is used to calculate the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value.

Syntax:The syntax for the PDURATIONfunction is =PDURATION(rate, pv, fv).

PMT function

Usage: The PMT function is used to calculate the periodic payment for an annuity.

Syntax:The syntax for the PMTfunction is =PMT(rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type]).

PPMT function

Usage: The PPMT function is used to calculate the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period.

Syntax:The syntax for the PPMTfunction is =PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type]).

PRICE function

Usage: The PRICE function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest.

Syntax:The syntax for the PRICEfunction is =PRICE(settlement, maturity, rate, yld, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

PRICEDISC function

Usage: The PRICEDISC function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value of a discounted security.

Syntax:The syntax for the PRICEDISCfunction is =PRICEDISC(settlement, maturity, discount, redemption, [basis]).

PRICEMAT function

Usage: The PRICEMAT function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity.

Syntax:The syntax for the PRICEMATfunction is =PRICEMAT(settlement, maturity, issue, rate, yld, [basis]).

PV function

Usage: The PV function is used to calculate the present value of an investment.

Syntax:The syntax for the PVfunction is =PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type]).

RATE function

Usage: The RATE function is used to calculate the interest rate per period of an annuity.

Syntax:The syntax for the RATEfunction is =RATE(nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type], [guess]).

RECEIVED function

Usage: The RECEIVED function is used to calculate the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security.

Syntax:The syntax for the RECEIVEDfunction is =RECEIVED(settlement, maturity, investment, discount, [basis]).

RRI function

Usage: The RRI function is used to calculate an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment.

Syntax:The syntax for the RRIfunction is =RRI(nper, pv, fv).

SLN function

Usage: The SLN function is used to calculate the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period.

Syntax:The syntax for the SLNfunction is =SLN(cost, salvage, life).

SYD function

Usage: The SYD function is used to calculate the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period.

Syntax:The syntax for the SYDfunction is =SYD(cost, salvage, life, per).

TBILLEQ function

Usage: The TBILLEQ function is used to calculate the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill.

Syntax:The syntax for the TBILLEQfunction is =TBILLEQ(settlement, maturity, discount).

TBILLPRICE function

Usage: The TBILLPRICE function is used to calculate the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill.

Syntax:The syntax for the TBILLPRICEfunction is =TBILLPRICE(settlement, maturity, discount).

TBILLYIELD function

Usage: The TBILLYIELD function is used to calculate the yield for a Treasury bill.

Syntax:The syntax for the TBILLYIELDfunction is =TBILLYIELD(settlement, maturity, pr).

VDB function

Usage: The VDB function is used to calculate the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method.

Syntax:The syntax for the VDBfunction is =VDB(cost, salvage, life, start_period, end_period, [factor], [no_switch]).

XIRR function

Usage: The XIRR function is used to calculate the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic.

Syntax:The syntax for the XIRRfunction is =XIRR(values, dates, [guess]).

XNPV function

Usage: The XNPV function is used to calculate the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic.

Syntax:The syntax for the XNPVfunction is =XNPV(rate, values, dates).

YIELD function

Usage: The YIELD function is used to calculate the yield on a security that pays periodic interest.

Syntax:The syntax for the YIELDfunction is =YIELD(settlement, maturity, rate, pr, redemption, frequency, [basis]).

YIELDDISC function

Usage: The YIELDDISC function is used to calculate the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill.

Syntax:The syntax for the YIELDDISCfunction is =YIELDDISC(settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, [basis]).

YIELDMAT function

Usage: The YIELDMAT function is used to calculate the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity.

Syntax:The syntax for the YIELDMATfunction is =YIELDMAT(settlement, maturity, issue, rate, pr, [basis]).

Information Functions

CELL function

Usage: The CELL function is used to calculate information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell.

Syntax:The syntax for the CELLfunction is =CELL(info_type,reference).

ERROR.TYPE function

Usage: The ERROR.TYPE function is used to calculate a number corresponding to an error type.

Syntax:The syntax for the ERROR.TYPEfunction is =ERROR.TYPE(error_val).

INFO function

Usage: The INFO function is used to calculate information about the current operating environment.

Syntax:The syntax for the INFOfunction is =INFO(type_text).

ISBLANK function

Usage: The ISBLANK function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is blank.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISBLANKfunction is =ISBLANK(value).

ISERR function

Usage: The ISERR function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISERRfunction is =ISERR(value).

ISERROR function

Usage: The ISERROR function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is any error value.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISERRORfunction is =ISERROR(value).

ISEVEN function

Usage: The ISEVEN function is used to calculate TRUE if the number is even.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISEVENfunction is =ISEVEN(number).

ISFORMULA function

Usage: The ISFORMULA function is used to calculate TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISFORMULAfunction is =ISFORMULA(reference).

ISLOGICAL function

Usage: The ISLOGICAL function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is a logical value.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISLOGICALfunction is =ISLOGICAL(value).

ISNA function

Usage: The ISNA function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISNAfunction is =ISNA(value).

ISNONTEXT function

Usage: The ISNONTEXT function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is not text.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISNONTEXTfunction is =ISNONTEXT(value).

ISNUMBER function

Usage: The ISNUMBER function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISNUMBERfunction is =ISNUMBER(value).

ISODD function

Usage: The ISODD function is used to calculate TRUE if the number is odd.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISODDfunction is =ISODD(number).

ISREF function

Usage: The ISREF function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISREFfunction is =ISREF(value).

ISTEXT function

Usage: The ISTEXT function is used to calculate TRUE if the value is text.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISTEXTfunction is =ISTEXT(value).

N function

Usage: The N function is used to calculate a value converted to a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the Nfunction is =N(value).

NA function

Usage: The NA function is used to calculate the error value #N/A.

Syntax:The syntax for the NAfunction is =NA().

SHEET function

Usage: The SHEET function is used to calculate the sheet number of the referenced sheet.

Syntax:The syntax for the SHEETfunction is =SHEET(value).

SHEETS function

Usage: The SHEETS function is used to calculate the number of sheets in a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the SHEETSfunction is =SHEETS(reference).

TYPE function

Usage: The TYPE function is used to calculate a number indicating the data type of a value.

Syntax:The syntax for the TYPEfunction is =TYPE(value).

Logical Functions

AND function

Usage: The AND function is used to calculate TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE.

Syntax:The syntax for the ANDfunction is =AND(logical1, [logical2], ...).

FALSE function

Usage: The FALSE function is used to calculate the logical value FALSE.

Syntax:The syntax for the FALSEfunction is =FALSE().

IF function

Usage: The IF function is used to specify a logical test to perform.

Syntax:The syntax for the IFfunction is =IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false]).

IFERROR function

Usage: The IFERROR function is used to calculate a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula.

Syntax:The syntax for the IFERRORfunction is =IFERROR(value, value_if_error).

IFNA function

Usage: The IFNA function is used to calculate the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression.

Syntax:The syntax for the IFNAfunction is =IFNA(value, value_if_na).

IFS function

Usage: The IFS function is used to check whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition..

Syntax:The syntax for the IFSfunction is =IFS(logical_test1, value_if_true1, [logical_test2, value_if_true2], [logical_test3, value_if_true3],…).

NOT function

Usage: The NOT function is used to reverse the logic of its argument.

Syntax:The syntax for the NOTfunction is =NOT(logical).

OR function

Usage: The OR function is used to calculate TRUE if any argument is TRUE.

Syntax:The syntax for the ORfunction is =OR(logical1, [logical2], ...).

SWITCH function

Usage: The SWITCH function is used to evaluate an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned..

Syntax:The syntax for the SWITCHfunction is =SWITCH(expression, value1, result1, [default or value2, result2],…[default or value3, result3]).

TRUE function

Usage: The TRUE function is used to calculate the logical value TRUE.

Syntax:The syntax for the TRUEfunction is =TRUE().

XOR function

Usage: The XOR function is used to calculate a logical exclusive OR of all arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the XORfunction is =XOR(logical1, [logical2],…).

Lookup and Reference Functions

ADDRESS function

Usage: The ADDRESS function is used to calculate a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet.

Syntax:The syntax for the ADDRESSfunction is =ADDRESS(row_num, column_num, [abs_num], [a1], [sheet_text]).

AREAS function

Usage: The AREAS function is used to calculate the number of areas in a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the AREASfunction is =AREAS(reference).

CHOOSE function

Usage: The CHOOSE function is used to choose a value from a list of values.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHOOSEfunction is =CHOOSE(index_num, value1, [value2], ...).

COLUMN function

Usage: The COLUMN function is used to calculate the column number of a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the COLUMNfunction is =COLUMN(reference).

COLUMNS function

Usage: The COLUMNS function is used to calculate the number of columns in a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the COLUMNSfunction is =COLUMNS(array).

FILTER function

Usage: The FILTER function is used to filter a range of data based on criteria you define.

Syntax:The syntax for the FILTERfunction is =FILTER(array,include,[if_empty]).

FORMULATEXT function

Usage: The FORMULATEXT function is used to calculate the formula at the given reference as text.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORMULATEXTfunction is =FORMULATEXT(reference).

GETPIVOTDATA function

Usage: The GETPIVOTDATA function is used to calculate data stored in a PivotTable report.

Syntax:The syntax for the GETPIVOTDATAfunction is =GETPIVOTDATA(data_field, pivot_table, [field1, item1, field2, item2], ...).

HLOOKUP function

Usage: The HLOOKUP function is used to look in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell.

Syntax:The syntax for the HLOOKUPfunction is =HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup]).

HYPERLINK function

Usage: The HYPERLINK function is used to create a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet.

Syntax:The syntax for the HYPERLINKfunction is =HYPERLINK(link_location, [friendly_name]).

INDEX function

Usage: The INDEX function is used to use an index to choose a value from a reference or array.

Syntax:The syntax for the INDEXfunction is =INDEX().

INDIRECT function

Usage: The INDIRECT function is used to calculate a reference indicated by a text value.

Syntax:The syntax for the INDIRECTfunction is =INDIRECT(ref_text, [a1]).

LOOKUP function

Usage: The LOOKUP function is used to look up values in a vector or array.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOOKUPfunction is =LOOKUP().

MATCH function

Usage: The MATCH function is used to look up values in a reference or array.

Syntax:The syntax for the MATCHfunction is =MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]).

OFFSET function

Usage: The OFFSET function is used to calculate a reference offset from a given reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the OFFSETfunction is =OFFSET(reference, rows, cols, [height], [width]).

ROW function

Usage: The ROW function is used to calculate the row number of a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROWfunction is =ROW(reference).

ROWS function

Usage: The ROWS function is used to calculate the number of rows in a reference.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROWSfunction is =ROWS(array).

RTD function

Usage: The RTD function is used to retrieve real-time data from a program that supports COM automation.

Syntax:The syntax for the RTDfunction is =RTD(ProgID, server, topic1, [topic2], ...).

SORT function

Usage: The SORT function is used to sort the contents of a range or array.

Syntax:The syntax for the SORTfunction is =SORT(array,[sort_index],[sort_order],[by_col]).

SORTBY function

Usage: The SORTBY function is used to sort the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array.

Syntax:The syntax for the SORTBYfunction is =SORTBY(array, by_array1, [sort_order1], [by_array2, sort_order2],…) .

TRANSPOSE function

Usage: The TRANSPOSE function is used to calculate the transpose of an array.

Syntax:The syntax for the TRANSPOSEfunction is =TRANSPOSE(array).

UNIQUE function

Usage: The UNIQUE function is used to calculate a list of unique values in a list or range.

Syntax:The syntax for the UNIQUEfunction is =UNIQUE(array,[by_col],[exactly_once]).

VLOOKUP function

Usage: The VLOOKUP function is used to look in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell.

Syntax:The syntax for the VLOOKUPfunction is =VLOOKUP (lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup]).

XLOOKUP function

Usage: The XLOOKUP function is used to search a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn't exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match. .

Syntax:The syntax for the XLOOKUPfunction is =XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode]).

XMATCH function

Usage: The XMATCH function is used to calculate the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells. .

Syntax:The syntax for the XMATCHfunction is =XMATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_mode], [search_mode]) .

Math and Trigonometry Functions

ABS function

Usage: The ABS function is used to calculate the absolute value of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ABSfunction is =ABS(number).

ACOS function

Usage: The ACOS function is used to calculate the arccosine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACOSfunction is =ACOS(number).

ACOSH function

Usage: The ACOSH function is used to calculate the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACOSHfunction is =ACOSH(number).

ACOT function

Usage: The ACOT function is used to calculate the arccotangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACOTfunction is =ACOT(number).

ACOTH function

Usage: The ACOTH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ACOTHfunction is =ACOTH(number).

AGGREGATE function

Usage: The AGGREGATE function is used to calculate an aggregate in a list or database.

Syntax:The syntax for the AGGREGATEfunction is =AGGREGATE(function_num, options, ref1, [ref2], …).

ARABIC function

Usage: The ARABIC function is used to convert a Roman number to Arabic, as a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ARABICfunction is =ARABIC(text).

ASIN function

Usage: The ASIN function is used to calculate the arcsine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ASINfunction is =ASIN(number).

ASINH function

Usage: The ASINH function is used to calculate the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ASINHfunction is =ASINH(number).

ATAN function

Usage: The ATAN function is used to calculate the arctangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ATANfunction is =ATAN(number).

ATAN2 function

Usage: The ATAN2 function is used to calculate the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates.

Syntax:The syntax for the ATAN2function is =ATAN2(x_num, y_num).

ATANH function

Usage: The ATANH function is used to calculate the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the ATANHfunction is =ATANH(number).

BASE function

Usage: The BASE function is used to convert a number into a text representation with the given radix (base).

Syntax:The syntax for the BASEfunction is =BASE(Number, Radix [Min_length]).

CEILING function

Usage: The CEILING function is used to rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.

Syntax:The syntax for the CEILINGfunction is =CEILING(number, significance).

CEILING.MATH function

Usage: The CEILING.MATH function is used to rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.

Syntax:The syntax for the CEILING.MATHfunction is =CEILING.MATH(number, [significance], [mode]).

CEILING.PRECISE function

Usage: The CEILING.PRECISE function is used to rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up..

Syntax:The syntax for the CEILING.PRECISEfunction is =CEILING.PRECISE(number).

COMBIN function

Usage: The COMBIN function is used to calculate the number of combinations for a given number of objects.

Syntax:The syntax for the COMBINfunction is =COMBIN(number, number_chosen).

COMBINA function

Usage: The COMBINA function is used to calculate the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items.

Syntax:The syntax for the COMBINAfunction is =COMBINA(number, number_chosen).

COS function

Usage: The COS function is used to calculate the cosine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the COSfunction is =COS(number).

COSH function

Usage: The COSH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic cosine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the COSHfunction is =COSH(number).

COT function

Usage: The COT function is used to calculate the cotangent of an angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the COTfunction is =COT(number).

COTH function

Usage: The COTH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic cotangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the COTHfunction is =COTH(number).

CSC function

Usage: The CSC function is used to calculate the cosecant of an angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the CSCfunction is =CSC(number).

CSCH function

Usage: The CSCH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the CSCHfunction is =CSCH(number).

DECIMAL function

Usage: The DECIMAL function is used to converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number.

Syntax:The syntax for the DECIMALfunction is =DECIMAL(number,radix).

DEGREES function

Usage: The DEGREES function is used to converts radians to degrees.

Syntax:The syntax for the DEGREESfunction is =DEGREES(angle).

EVEN function

Usage: The EVEN function is used to round a number up to the nearest even integer.

Syntax:The syntax for the EVENfunction is =EVEN(number).

EXP function

Usage: The EXP function is used to calculate e raised to the power of a given number.

Syntax:The syntax for the EXPfunction is =EXP(number).

FACT function

Usage: The FACT function is used to calculate the factorial of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the FACTfunction is =FACT(number).

FACTDOUBLE function

Usage: The FACTDOUBLE function is used to calculate the double factorial of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the FACTDOUBLEfunction is =FACTDOUBLE(number).

FLOOR function

Usage: The FLOOR function is used to round a number down, toward zero.

Syntax:The syntax for the FLOORfunction is =FLOOR(number, significance).

FLOOR.MATH function

Usage: The FLOOR.MATH function is used to round a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.

Syntax:The syntax for the FLOOR.MATHfunction is =FLOOR.MATH(number, significance, mode).

FLOOR.PRECISE function

Usage: The FLOOR.PRECISE function is used to round a number down to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded down..

Syntax:The syntax for the FLOOR.PRECISEfunction is =FLOOR.PRECISE(number, [significance]).

GCD function

Usage: The GCD function is used to calculate the greatest common divisor.

Syntax:The syntax for the GCDfunction is =GCD(number1, [number2], ...).

INT function

Usage: The INT function is used to round a number down to the nearest integer.

Syntax:The syntax for the INTfunction is =INT(number).

ISO.CEILING function

Usage: The ISO.CEILING function is used to calculate a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance.

Syntax:The syntax for the ISO.CEILINGfunction is =ISO.CEILING(number, [significance]).

LCM function

Usage: The LCM function is used to calculate the least common multiple.

Syntax:The syntax for the LCMfunction is =LCM(number1, [number2], ...).

LET function

Usage: The LET function is used to assign names to calculation results to allow storing intermediate calculations, values, or defining names inside a formula.

Syntax:The syntax for the LETfunction is =LET(name, name_value, calculation).

LN function

Usage: The LN function is used to calculate the natural logarithm of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the LNfunction is =LN(number).

LOG function

Usage: The LOG function is used to calculate the logarithm of a number to a specified base.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOGfunction is =LOG(number, base).

LOG10 function

Usage: The LOG10 function is used to calculate the base-10 logarithm of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOG10function is =LOG10(number).

MDETERM function

Usage: The MDETERM function is used to calculate the matrix determinant of an array.

Syntax:The syntax for the MDETERMfunction is =MDETERM(array).

MINVERSE function

Usage: The MINVERSE function is used to calculate the matrix inverse of an array.

Syntax:The syntax for the MINVERSEfunction is =MINVERSE(array).

MMULT function

Usage: The MMULT function is used to calculate the matrix product of two arrays.

Syntax:The syntax for the MMULTfunction is =MMULT(array1, array2).

MOD function

Usage: The MOD function is used to calculate the remainder from division.

Syntax:The syntax for the MODfunction is =MOD(number, divisor).

MROUND function

Usage: The MROUND function is used to calculate a number rounded to the desired multiple.

Syntax:The syntax for the MROUNDfunction is =MROUND(number, multiple).

MULTINOMIAL function

Usage: The MULTINOMIAL function is used to calculate the multinomial of a set of numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the MULTINOMIALfunction is =MULTINOMIAL(number1, [number2], ...).

MUNIT function

Usage: The MUNIT function is used to calculate the unit matrix or the specified dimension.

Syntax:The syntax for the MUNITfunction is =MUNIT(dimension).

ODD function

Usage: The ODD function is used to round a number up to the nearest odd integer.

Syntax:The syntax for the ODDfunction is =ODD(number).

PI function

Usage: The PI function is used to calculate the value of pi.

Syntax:The syntax for the PIfunction is =PI().

POWER function

Usage: The POWER function is used to calculate the result of a number raised to a power.

Syntax:The syntax for the POWERfunction is =POWER(number, power).

PRODUCT function

Usage: The PRODUCT function is used to multiply its arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the PRODUCTfunction is =PRODUCT(number1, [number2], ...).

QUOTIENT function

Usage: The QUOTIENT function is used to calculate the integer portion of a division.

Syntax:The syntax for the QUOTIENTfunction is =QUOTIENT(numerator, denominator).

RADIANS function

Usage: The RADIANS function is used to convert degrees to radians.

Syntax:The syntax for the RADIANSfunction is =RADIANS(angle).

RAND function

Usage: The RAND function is used to calculate a random number between 0 and 1.

Syntax:The syntax for the RANDfunction is =RAND().

RANDARRAY function

Usage: The RANDARRAY function is used to calculate an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values..

Syntax:The syntax for the RANDARRAYfunction is =RANDARRAY([rows],[columns],[min],[max],[whole_number]).

RANDBETWEEN function

Usage: The RANDBETWEEN function is used to calculate a random number between the numbers you specify.

Syntax:The syntax for the RANDBETWEENfunction is =RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top).

ROMAN function

Usage: The ROMAN function is used to convert an Arabic numeral to Roman, as text.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROMANfunction is =ROMAN(number, [form]).

ROUND function

Usage: The ROUND function is used to round a number to a specified number of digits.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROUNDfunction is =ROUND(number, num_digits).

ROUNDDOWN function

Usage: The ROUNDDOWN function is used to round a number down, toward zero.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROUNDDOWNfunction is =ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits).

ROUNDUP function

Usage: The ROUNDUP function is used to round a number up, away from zero.

Syntax:The syntax for the ROUNDUPfunction is =ROUNDUP(number, num_digits).

SEC function

Usage: The SEC function is used to calculate the secant of an angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the SECfunction is =SEC(number).

SECH function

Usage: The SECH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic secant of an angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the SECHfunction is =SECH(number).

SERIESSUM function

Usage: The SERIESSUM function is used to calculate the sum of a power series based on the formula.

Syntax:The syntax for the SERIESSUMfunction is =SERIESSUM(x, n, m, coefficients).

SEQUENCE function

Usage: The SEQUENCE function is used to generate a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4.

Syntax:The syntax for the SEQUENCEfunction is =SEQUENCE(rows,[columns],[start],[step]).

SIGN function

Usage: The SIGN function is used to calculate the sign of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the SIGNfunction is =SIGN(number).

SIN function

Usage: The SIN function is used to calculate the sine of the given angle.

Syntax:The syntax for the SINfunction is =SIN(number).

SINH function

Usage: The SINH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic sine of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the SINHfunction is =SINH(number).

SQRT function

Usage: The SQRT function is used to calculate a positive square root.

Syntax:The syntax for the SQRTfunction is =SQRT(number).

SQRTPI function

Usage: The SQRTPI function is used to calculate the square root of (number * pi).

Syntax:The syntax for the SQRTPIfunction is =SQRTPI(number).

SUBTOTAL function

Usage: The SUBTOTAL function is used to calculate a subtotal in a list or database.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUBTOTALfunction is =SUBTOTAL(function_num,ref1,[ref2],...).

SUM function

Usage: The SUM function is used to add its arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMfunction is =SUM(number1,[number2],...).

SUMIF function

Usage: The SUMIF function is used to add the cells specified by a given criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMIFfunction is =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum_range]).

SUMIFS function

Usage: The SUMIFS function is used to add the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMIFSfunction is =SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...).

SUMPRODUCT function

Usage: The SUMPRODUCT function is used to calculate the sum of the products of corresponding array components.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMPRODUCTfunction is =SUMPRODUCT(array1, [array2], [array3], ...).

SUMSQ function

Usage: The SUMSQ function is used to calculate the sum of the squares of the arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMSQfunction is =SUMSQ(number1, [number2], ...).

SUMX2MY2 function

Usage: The SUMX2MY2 function is used to calculate the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMX2MY2function is =SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y).

SUMX2PY2 function

Usage: The SUMX2PY2 function is used to calculate the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMX2PY2function is =SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y).

SUMXMY2 function

Usage: The SUMXMY2 function is used to calculate the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays.

Syntax:The syntax for the SUMXMY2function is =SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y).

TAN function

Usage: The TAN function is used to calculate the tangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the TANfunction is =TAN(number).

TANH function

Usage: The TANH function is used to calculate the hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Syntax:The syntax for the TANHfunction is =TANH(number).

TRUNC function

Usage: The TRUNC function is used to truncate a number to an integer.

Syntax:The syntax for the TRUNCfunction is =TRUNC(number, [num_digits]).

Statistical Functions

AVEDEV function

Usage: The AVEDEV function is used to calculate the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean.

Syntax:The syntax for the AVEDEVfunction is =AVEDEV(number1, [number2], ...).

AVERAGE function

Usage: The AVERAGE function is used to calculate the average of its arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the AVERAGEfunction is =AVERAGE(number1, [number2], ...).

AVERAGEA function

Usage: The AVERAGEA function is used to calculate the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the AVERAGEAfunction is =AVERAGEA(value1, [value2], ...).

AVERAGEIF function

Usage: The AVERAGEIF function is used to calculate the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the AVERAGEIFfunction is =AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, [average_range]).

AVERAGEIFS function

Usage: The AVERAGEIFS function is used to calculate the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the AVERAGEIFSfunction is =AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...).

BETA.DIST function

Usage: The BETA.DIST function is used to calculate the beta cumulative distribution function.

Syntax:The syntax for the BETA.DISTfunction is =BETA.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative,[A],[B]).

BETA.INV function

Usage: The BETA.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the BETA.INVfunction is =BETAINV(probability,alpha,beta,[A],[B]).

BINOM.DIST function

Usage: The BINOM.DIST function is used to calculate the individual term binomial distribution probability.

Syntax:The syntax for the BINOM.DISTfunction is =BINOM.DIST(number_s,trials,probability_s,cumulative).

BINOM.DIST.RANGE function

Usage: The BINOM.DIST.RANGE function is used to calculate the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the BINOM.DIST.RANGEfunction is =BINOM.DIST.RANGE(trials,probability_s,number_s,[number_s2]).

BINOM.INV function

Usage: The BINOM.INV function is used to calculate the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value.

Syntax:The syntax for the BINOM.INVfunction is =BINOM.INV(trials,probability_s,alpha).

CHISQ.DIST function

Usage: The CHISQ.DIST function is used to calculate the cumulative beta probability density function.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHISQ.DISTfunction is =CHISQ.DIST(x,deg_freedom,cumulative).

CHISQ.DIST.RT function

Usage: The CHISQ.DIST.RT function is used to calculate the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHISQ.DIST.RTfunction is =CHISQ.DIST.RT(x,deg_freedom).

CHISQ.INV function

Usage: The CHISQ.INV function is used to calculate the cumulative beta probability density function.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHISQ.INVfunction is =CHISQ.INV(probability,deg_freedom).

CHISQ.INV.RT function

Usage: The CHISQ.INV.RT function is used to calculate the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHISQ.INV.RTfunction is =CHISQ.INV.RT(probability,deg_freedom).

CHISQ.TEST function

Usage: The CHISQ.TEST function is used to calculate the test for independence.

Syntax:The syntax for the CHISQ.TESTfunction is =CHISQ.TEST(actual_range,expected_range).

CONFIDENCE.NORM function

Usage: The CONFIDENCE.NORM function is used to calculate the confidence interval for a population mean.

Syntax:The syntax for the CONFIDENCE.NORMfunction is =CONFIDENCE.NORM(alpha,standard_dev,size).

CONFIDENCE.T function

Usage: The CONFIDENCE.T function is used to calculate the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student's t distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the CONFIDENCE.Tfunction is =CONFIDENCE.T(alpha,standard_dev,size).

CORREL function

Usage: The CORREL function is used to calculate the correlation coefficient between two data sets.

Syntax:The syntax for the CORRELfunction is =CORREL(array1, array2).

COUNT function

Usage: The COUNT function is used to count how many numbers are in the list of arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUNTfunction is =COUNT(value1, [value2], ...).

COUNTA function

Usage: The COUNTA function is used to count how many values are in the list of arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUNTAfunction is =COUNTA(value1, [value2], ...).

COUNTBLANK function

Usage: The COUNTBLANK function is used to count the number of blank cells within a range.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUNTBLANKfunction is =COUNTBLANK(range).

COUNTIF function

Usage: The COUNTIF function is used to count the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUNTIFfunction is =COUNTIF(range, criteria).

COUNTIFS function

Usage: The COUNTIFS function is used to count the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the COUNTIFSfunction is =COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2]…).

COVARIANCE.P function

Usage: The COVARIANCE.P function is used to calculate covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations.

Syntax:The syntax for the COVARIANCE.Pfunction is =COVARIANCE.P(array1,array2).

COVARIANCE.S function

Usage: The COVARIANCE.S function is used to calculate the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets.

Syntax:The syntax for the COVARIANCE.Sfunction is =COVARIANCE.S(array1,array2).

DEVSQ function

Usage: The DEVSQ function is used to calculate the sum of squares of deviations.

Syntax:The syntax for the DEVSQfunction is =DEVSQ(number1, [number2], ...).

EXPON.DIST function

Usage: The EXPON.DIST function is used to calculate the exponential distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the EXPON.DISTfunction is =EXPON.DIST(x,lambda,cumulative).

F.DIST function

Usage: The F.DIST function is used to calculate the F probability distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the F.DISTfunction is =F.DIST(x,deg_freedom1,deg_freedom2,cumulative).

F.DIST.RT function

Usage: The F.DIST.RT function is used to calculate the F probability distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the F.DIST.RTfunction is =F.DIST.RT(x,deg_freedom1,deg_freedom2).

F.INV function

Usage: The F.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the F probability distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the F.INVfunction is =F.INV(probability,deg_freedom1,deg_freedom2).

F.INV.RT function

Usage: The F.INV.RT function is used to calculate the inverse of the F probability distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the F.INV.RTfunction is =F.INV.RT(probability,deg_freedom1,deg_freedom2).

F.TEST function

Usage: The F.TEST function is used to calculate the result of an F-test.

Syntax:The syntax for the F.TESTfunction is =F.TEST(array1,array2).

FISHER function

Usage: The FISHER function is used to calculate the Fisher transformation.

Syntax:The syntax for the FISHERfunction is =FISHER(x).

FISHERINV function

Usage: The FISHERINV function is used to calculate the inverse of the Fisher transformation.

Syntax:The syntax for the FISHERINVfunction is =FISHERINV(y).

FORECAST function

Usage: The FORECAST function is used to calculate a value along a linear trend.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECASTfunction is =FORECAST(x, known_y's, known_x's).

FORECAST.ETS function

Usage: The FORECAST.ETS function is used to calculate a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECAST.ETSfunction is =FORECAST.ETS(target_date, values, timeline, [seasonality], [data_completion], [aggregation]).

FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT function

Usage: The FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT function is used to calculate a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECAST.ETS.CONFINTfunction is =FORECAST.ETS.CONFINT(target_date, values, timeline, [confidence_level], [seasonality], [data_completion], [aggregation]).

FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY function

Usage: The FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY function is used to calculate the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITYfunction is =FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY(values, timeline, [data_completion], [aggregation]).

FORECAST.ETS.STAT function

Usage: The FORECAST.ETS.STAT function is used to calculate a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECAST.ETS.STATfunction is =FORECAST.ETS.STAT(values, timeline, statistic_type, [seasonality], [data_completion], [aggregation]).

FORECAST.LINEAR function

Usage: The FORECAST.LINEAR function is used to calculate a future value based on existing values.

Syntax:The syntax for the FORECAST.LINEARfunction is =FORECAST.LINEAR(x, known_y's, known_x's).

FREQUENCY function

Usage: The FREQUENCY function is used to calculate a frequency distribution as a vertical array.

Syntax:The syntax for the FREQUENCYfunction is =FREQUENCY(data_array, bins_array).

GAMMA function

Usage: The GAMMA function is used to calculate the Gamma function value.

Syntax:The syntax for the GAMMAfunction is =GAMMA(number).

GAMMA.DIST function

Usage: The GAMMA.DIST function is used to calculate the gamma distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the GAMMA.DISTfunction is =GAMMA.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative).

GAMMA.INV function

Usage: The GAMMA.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the GAMMA.INVfunction is =GAMMA.INV(probability,alpha,beta).

GAMMALN function

Usage: The GAMMALN function is used to calculate the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the GAMMALNfunction is =GAMMALN(x).

GAMMALN.PRECISE function

Usage: The GAMMALN.PRECISE function is used to calculate the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ(x).

Syntax:The syntax for the GAMMALN.PRECISEfunction is =GAMMALN.PRECISE(x).

GAUSS function

Usage: The GAUSS function is used to calculate 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the GAUSSfunction is =GAUSS(z).

GEOMEAN function

Usage: The GEOMEAN function is used to calculate the geometric mean.

Syntax:The syntax for the GEOMEANfunction is =GEOMEAN(number1, [number2], ...).

GROWTH function

Usage: The GROWTH function is used to calculate values along an exponential trend.

Syntax:The syntax for the GROWTHfunction is =GROWTH(known_y's, [known_x's], [new_x's], [const]).

HARMEAN function

Usage: The HARMEAN function is used to calculate the harmonic mean.

Syntax:The syntax for the HARMEANfunction is =HARMEAN(number1, [number2], ...).

HYPGEOM.DIST function

Usage: The HYPGEOM.DIST function is used to calculate the hypergeometric distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the HYPGEOM.DISTfunction is =HYPGEOM.DIST(sample_s,number_sample,population_s,number_pop,cumulative).

INTERCEPT function

Usage: The INTERCEPT function is used to calculate the intercept of the linear regression line.

Syntax:The syntax for the INTERCEPTfunction is =INTERCEPT(known_y's, known_x's).

KURT function

Usage: The KURT function is used to calculate the kurtosis of a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the KURTfunction is =KURT(number1, [number2], ...).

LARGE function

Usage: The LARGE function is used to calculate the k-th largest value in a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the LARGEfunction is =LARGE(array, k).

LINEST function

Usage: The LINEST function is used to calculate the parameters of a linear trend.

Syntax:The syntax for the LINESTfunction is =LINEST(known_y's, [known_x's], [const], [stats]).

LOGEST function

Usage: The LOGEST function is used to calculate the parameters of an exponential trend.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOGESTfunction is =LOGEST(known_y's, [known_x's], [const], [stats]).

LOGNORM.DIST function

Usage: The LOGNORM.DIST function is used to calculate the cumulative lognormal distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOGNORM.DISTfunction is =LOGNORM.DIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative).

LOGNORM.INV function

Usage: The LOGNORM.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the LOGNORM.INVfunction is =LOGNORM.INV(probability, mean, standard_dev).

MAX function

Usage: The MAX function is used to calculate the maximum value in a list of arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the MAXfunction is =MAX(number1, [number2], ...).

MAXA function

Usage: The MAXA function is used to calculate the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the MAXAfunction is =MAXA(value1,[value2],...).

MAXIFS function

Usage: The MAXIFS function is used to calculate the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria.

Syntax:The syntax for the MAXIFSfunction is =MAXIFS(max_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...).

MEDIAN function

Usage: The MEDIAN function is used to calculate the median of the given numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the MEDIANfunction is =MEDIAN(number1, [number2], ...).

MIN function

Usage: The MIN function is used to calculate the minimum value in a list of arguments.

Syntax:The syntax for the MINfunction is =MIN(number1, [number2], ...).

MINA function

Usage: The MINA function is used to calculate the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the MINAfunction is =MINA(value1, [value2], ...).

MINIFS function

Usage: The MINIFS function is used to calculate the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria..

Syntax:The syntax for the MINIFSfunction is =MINIFS(min_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...).

MODE.MULT function

Usage: The MODE.MULT function is used to calculate a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data.

Syntax:The syntax for the MODE.MULTfunction is =MODE.MULT((number1,[number2],...).

MODE.SNGL function

Usage: The MODE.SNGL function is used to calculate the most common value in a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the MODE.SNGLfunction is =MODE.SNGL(number1,[number2],...).

NEGBINOM.DIST function

Usage: The NEGBINOM.DIST function is used to calculate the negative binomial distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the NEGBINOM.DISTfunction is =NEGBINOM.DIST(number_f,number_s,probability_s,cumulative).

NORM.DIST function

Usage: The NORM.DIST function is used to calculate the normal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the NORM.DISTfunction is =NORM.DIST(x,mean,standard_dev,cumulative).

NORM.INV function

Usage: The NORM.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the NORM.INVfunction is =NORMINV(probability,mean,standard_dev).

NORM.S.DIST function

Usage: The NORM.S.DIST function is used to calculate the standard normal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the NORM.S.DISTfunction is =NORM.S.DIST(z,cumulative).

NORM.S.INV function

Usage: The NORM.S.INV function is used to calculate the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the NORM.S.INVfunction is =NORM.S.INV(probability).

PEARSON function

Usage: The PEARSON function is used to calculate the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.

Syntax:The syntax for the PEARSONfunction is =PEARSON(array1, array2).

PERCENTILE.EXC function

Usage: The PERCENTILE.EXC function is used to calculate the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERCENTILE.EXCfunction is =PERCENTILE.EXC(array,k).

PERCENTILE.INC function

Usage: The PERCENTILE.INC function is used to calculate the k-th percentile of values in a range.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERCENTILE.INCfunction is =PERCENTILE.INC(array,k).

PERCENTRANK.EXC function

Usage: The PERCENTRANK.EXC function is used to calculate the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERCENTRANK.EXCfunction is =PERCENTRANK.EXC(array,x,[significance]).

PERCENTRANK.INC function

Usage: The PERCENTRANK.INC function is used to calculate the percentage rank of a value in a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERCENTRANK.INCfunction is =PERCENTRANK.INC(array,x,[significance]).

PERMUT function

Usage: The PERMUT function is used to calculate the number of permutations for a given number of objects.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERMUTfunction is =PERMUT(number, number_chosen).

PERMUTATIONA function

Usage: The PERMUTATIONA function is used to calculate the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects.

Syntax:The syntax for the PERMUTATIONAfunction is =PERMUTATIONA(number, number-chosen).

PHI function

Usage: The PHI function is used to calculate the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the PHIfunction is =PHI(x).

POISSON.DIST function

Usage: The POISSON.DIST function is used to calculate the Poisson distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the POISSON.DISTfunction is =POISSON.DIST(x,mean,cumulative).

PROB function

Usage: The PROB function is used to calculate the probability that values in a range are between two limits.

Syntax:The syntax for the PROBfunction is =PROB(x_range, prob_range, [lower_limit], [upper_limit]).

QUARTILE.EXC function

Usage: The QUARTILE.EXC function is used to calculate the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive.

Syntax:The syntax for the QUARTILE.EXCfunction is =QUARTILE.EXC(array, quart).

QUARTILE.INC function

Usage: The QUARTILE.INC function is used to calculate the quartile of a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the QUARTILE.INCfunction is =QUARTILE.INC(array,quart).

RANK.AVG function

Usage: The RANK.AVG function is used to calculate the rank of a number in a list of numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the RANK.AVGfunction is =RANK.AVG(number,ref,[order]).

RANK.EQ function

Usage: The RANK.EQ function is used to calculate the rank of a number in a list of numbers.

Syntax:The syntax for the RANK.EQfunction is =RANK.EQ(number,ref,[order]).

RSQ function

Usage: The RSQ function is used to calculate the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.

Syntax:The syntax for the RSQfunction is =RSQ(known_y's,known_x's).

SKEW function

Usage: The SKEW function is used to calculate the skewness of a distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the SKEWfunction is =SKEW(number1, [number2], ...).

SKEW.P function

Usage: The SKEW.P function is used to calculate the skewness of a distribution based on a population: a characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean.

Syntax:The syntax for the SKEW.Pfunction is =SKEW.P(number 1, [number 2],…).

SLOPE function

Usage: The SLOPE function is used to calculate the slope of the linear regression line.

Syntax:The syntax for the SLOPEfunction is =SLOPE(known_y's, known_x's).

SMALL function

Usage: The SMALL function is used to calculate the k-th smallest value in a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the SMALLfunction is =SMALL(array, k).

STANDARDIZE function

Usage: The STANDARDIZE function is used to calculate a normalized value.

Syntax:The syntax for the STANDARDIZEfunction is =STANDARDIZE(x, mean, standard_dev).

STDEV.P function

Usage: The STDEV.P function is used to Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population.

Syntax:The syntax for the STDEV.Pfunction is =STDEV.P(number1,[number2],...).

STDEV.S function

Usage: The STDEV.S function is used to estimate standard deviation based on a sample.

Syntax:The syntax for the STDEV.Sfunction is =STDEV.S(number1,[number2],...).

STDEVA function

Usage: The STDEVA function is used to estimate standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the STDEVAfunction is =STDEVA(value1, [value2], ...).

STDEVPA function

Usage: The STDEVPA function is used to Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the STDEVPAfunction is =STDEVPA(value1, [value2], ...).

STEYX function

Usage: The STEYX function is used to calculate the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression.

Syntax:The syntax for the STEYXfunction is =STEYX(known_y's, known_x's).

T.DIST function

Usage: The T.DIST function is used to calculate the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.DISTfunction is =T.DIST(x,deg_freedom, cumulative).

T.DIST.2T function

Usage: The T.DIST.2T function is used to calculate the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.DIST.2Tfunction is =T.DIST.2T(x,deg_freedom).

T.DIST.RT function

Usage: The T.DIST.RT function is used to calculate the Student's t-distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.DIST.RTfunction is =T.DIST.RT(x,deg_freedom).

T.INV function

Usage: The T.INV function is used to calculate the t-value of the Student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.INVfunction is =T.INV(probability,deg_freedom).

T.INV.2T function

Usage: The T.INV.2T function is used to calculate the inverse of the Student's t-distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.INV.2Tfunction is =T.INV.2T(probability,deg_freedom).

T.TEST function

Usage: The T.TEST function is used to calculate the probability associated with a Student's t-test.

Syntax:The syntax for the T.TESTfunction is =T.TEST(array1,array2,tails,type).

TREND function

Usage: The TREND function is used to calculate values along a linear trend.

Syntax:The syntax for the TRENDfunction is =TREND(known_y's, [known_x's], [new_x's], [const]).

TRIMMEAN function

Usage: The TRIMMEAN function is used to calculate the mean of the interior of a data set.

Syntax:The syntax for the TRIMMEANfunction is =TRIMMEAN(array, percent).

VAR.P function

Usage: The VAR.P function is used to Calculates variance based on the entire population.

Syntax:The syntax for the VAR.Pfunction is =VAR.P(number1,[number2],...).

VAR.S function

Usage: The VAR.S function is used to estimate variance based on a sample.

Syntax:The syntax for the VAR.Sfunction is =VAR.S(number1,[number2],...).

VARA function

Usage: The VARA function is used to estimate variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the VARAfunction is =VARA(value1, [value2], ...).

VARPA function

Usage: The VARPA function is used to Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values.

Syntax:The syntax for the VARPAfunction is =VARPA(value1, [value2], ...).

WEIBULL.DIST function

Usage: The WEIBULL.DIST function is used to calculate the Weibull distribution.

Syntax:The syntax for the WEIBULL.DISTfunction is =WEIBULL.DIST(x,alpha,beta,cumulative).

Z.TEST function

Usage: The Z.TEST function is used to calculate the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test.

Syntax:The syntax for the Z.TESTfunction is =Z.TEST(array,x,[sigma]).

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Web Functions

ENCODEURL function

Usage: The ENCODEURL function is used to calculate a URL-encoded string.

Syntax:The syntax for the ENCODEURLfunction is =ENCODEURL(text).

FILTERXML function

Usage: The FILTERXML function is used to calculate specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath.

Syntax:The syntax for the FILTERXMLfunction is =FILTERXML(xml, xpath).

WEBSERVICE function

Usage: The WEBSERVICE function is used to calculate data from a web service.

Syntax:The syntax for the WEBSERVICEfunction is =WEBSERVICE(url).

Topic #1

How to Create Formulas in Excel

Guide Topics

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